DIN V 4017-100-1996 地基.浅地基抗基础裂陷设计计算.第100部分:按局部安全系数计算

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforMeasuringLiquidandSolidMaterialFireLimitsinGaseousOxidants
【原文标准名称】:测量气体氧化剂中液体和固体材料着火极限的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMG125-2000(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:G04.01
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Firelimit;Firetesting--gases;Flammabilitylimit;Gaseousoxygensystems/service;Oxidantindex;Oxygenindex;Pressurelimit;Promoter/promotedcombustion/ignition
【摘要】:Thistestmethodprovidesformeasuringoftheminimumconditionsofarangeofparameters(concentrationofoxidantinaflowingmixtureofoxidantanddiluent,pressure,temperature)thatwilljustsupportsustainedpropagationofcombustion.Formaterialsthatexhibitflamingcombustion,thisisaflammabilitylimitsimilartothelowerflammabilitylimit,upperflammabilitylimit,andminimumoxidantforcombustionofgases(1).However,unlikeflammabilitylimitsforgases,intwo-phasesystems,theconceptofupperandlowerflamelimitsisnotmeaningful.However,limitscantypicallybedeterminedforvariationsinotherparameterssuchastheminimumoxidantforcombustion(theoxidantindex),thepressurelimit,thetemperaturelimit,andothers.Measurementanduseofthesedataareanalogoustothemeasurementanduseofthecorrespondingdataforgaseoussystems.Thatis,thelimitsapplytosystemslikelytoexperiencecompletepropagations(equilibriumcombustion).Successfulignitionandcombustionbelowthemeasuredlimitsatotherconditionsorofatransientnaturearenotprecludedbelowthethreshold.Flammabilitylimitsmeasuredatonesetofconditionsarenotnecessarilythelowestthresholdsatwhichcombustioncanoccur.Thereforedirectcorrelationofthesedatawiththeburningcharacteristicsunderactualuseconditionsisnotimplied.1.1Thistestmethodcoversaprocedureformeasuringthethreshold-limitconditionstoallowequilibriumofcombustionofmaterialsinvariousoxidantgasesunderspecifictestconditionsofpressure,temperature,flowcondition,fire-propagationdirections,andvariousothergeometricalfeaturesofcommonsystems.1.2ThistestmethodispatternedafterTestMethodD2863-95andincorporatesitsprocedureformeasuringthelimitasafunctionofoxidantconcentrationforthemostcommonlyusedtestconditions.Sections8,9,10,11,13,and14forthebasicoxidantlimit(oxygenindex)procedurearequoteddirectlyfromTestMethodD2863-95.OxygenindexdatareportedinaccordancewithTestMethodD2863-95areacceptablesubstitutesfordatacollectedwiththisstandardundersimilarconditions.1.3Thistestmethodhasbeenfoundapplicabletotestingandrankingvariousformsofmaterials.Ithasalsofoundlimitedusefulnessforsurmisingtheprospectthatmaterialswillprovex201C;oxygencompatiblex201D;inactualsystems.However,itsresultsdonotnecessarilyapplytoanyconditionthatdoesnotfaithfullyreproducetheconditionsduringtest.Thefirelimitisameasurementofabehavioralpropertyandnotaphysicalproperty.UsesofthesedataareaddressedinGuidesG63andG94.Note18212;Althoughthistestmethodhasbeenfoundapplicablefortestingarangeofmaterialsinarangeofoxidantswitharangeofdiluents,theaccuracyhasnotbeendeterminedformanyofthesecombinationsandconditionsofspecimengeometry,outsidethoseofthebasicprocedureasappliedtoplastics.Note28212;TestMethodD2863-95hasbeenrevisedandtherevisedTestMethodhasbeenissuedasD2863-97.Themajorchangesinvolvesampledimensions,burningcriteriaandthemethodfordeterminingtheoxygenindex.TheaimoftherevisionswastoalignTestMethodD2863withISO4589-2.Sixlaboratoriesconductedcomparisonroundrobintestingonself-supportingplasticsandcellularmaterialsusingD2863-95andD2863-97.Theresultsindicatethatthereisno......
【中国标准分类号】:C82
【国际标准分类号】:19_040
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:ComparisonofSprayPatternsofAerosolProducts
【原文标准名称】:气溶胶制品喷雾图样的比较
【标准号】:ASTMD3077-1972
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1972
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:比较;工艺;包装件;式样;包装;气溶胶
【英文主题词】:packaging;processes;patterns;comparison;packages;aerosols
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:A80
【国际标准分类号】:55_020
【页数】:2P;A4
【正文语种】:英语